Shortening the Prayer in a Journey
9.1 Joining Two Prayers when Settled and when Travelling
1 Yahya related to me from Malik from Da'ud ibn al-Husayn from al-A'raj from
Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, joined Dhuhr and 'Asr on his journey to Tabuk.
2 Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'z-Zubayr al-Makki from Abu't-Tufayl
'Amir ibn Wathila that Mu'adh ibn Jabal told him that they went out with the
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in the year of
Tabuk, and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,
joined Dhuhr with 'Asr and Maghrib with 'Isha'.
Mu'adh said, "One day he delayed the prayer and then came out and prayed
Dhuhr and 'Asr together. Then he said, 'Tomorrow you will come, Allah
willing, to the spring of Tabuk. But you will not get there until well into the
morning. No one who arrives should touch any of its water until I come.' We came
to it and two men had got to it before us and the spring was dripping with a
little water. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,
asked them, 'Have you touched any of its water?' They said, 'Yes.' The Messenger
of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, reviled them and said what
Allah wished him to say. Then they took water with their hands from the spring
little by little until it had been collected in something. Then the Messenger of
Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, washed his face and hands in it.
Then he put it back into the spring and the spring flowed with an abundance of
water and the people drew water from it. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless
him and grant him peace, said, 'If you live long enough, Mu'adh, you will see
this place filled with gardens.' "
[Muslim]
3 Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi' that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar said,
"The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to join
Maghrib and 'Isha' together when it was urgent to travel."
[Muslim]
4 Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'z-Zubayr al-Makki from Sa'id ibn
Jubayr that 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless
him and grant him peace, prayed Dhuhr and 'Asr together and Maghrib
and 'Isha' together, and not out of fear nor because of travelling."
Malik said, "I believe that was during rain."
5 Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi' that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar used to
join the prayer behind the amirs if they joined Maghrib and 'Isha'
in the rain.
6 Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab that he had asked Salim ibn
'Abdullah, "Can you join Dhuhr and 'Asr when travelling?" He said,
"Yes, there is no harm in that. Have you not seen the people praying at 'Arafa?"
7 Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that 'Ali ibn Husayn used
to say, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, would
join Dhuhr and 'Asr if he wished to travel the same day, and he
would join Maghrib and 'Isha' if he wished to travel the same night."
9.2 Shortening the Prayer in Travel
8 Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from a man of the family of
Khalid ibn Asid that he said to 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar, "Abu 'Abd ar-Rahman, we
find the fear prayer and the prayer when settled mentioned in the Qur'an, but we
do not find any mention of the travelling prayer in it." Ibn 'Umar said, "Son of
my brother! Allah the Mighty and Majestic sent us Muhammad, may Allah bless him
and grant him peace, and we know nothing. We only do as we saw him doing."
[an-Nasa'i]
9 Yahya related to me from Malik from Salih ibn Kaysan from
'Urwa ibn az-Zubayr that 'A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless him
and grant him peace, said, "The prayer was prescribed as two rak'ats, whether
resident or travelling. Then the travelling prayer was kept the same but the
residential prayer was increased."
[cf Bukhari 343]
10 Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Sa'id that he asked Salim
ibn 'Abdullah what was the latest he had seen his father delay Maghrib while on
a journey and Salim replied, "One time the sun set when we were at Dhat al-Jaysh
and he prayed Maghrib at al-'Aqiq*."
* It is twelve miles between al-'Aqiq and Dhat al-Jaysh.
9.3 Circumstances in which the Prayer has to be Shortened
11 Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi' that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar, began
to shorten the prayer at Dhu'l-Hulayfa when he left for hajj or 'umra.
12 Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Salim ibn 'Abdullah
that his father rode for some distance and shortened the prayer on the journey.
Malik said, "That was about four mail-stages." (approximately forty-eight
miles).
13 Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi' from Salim ibn 'Abdullah that
'Abdullah ibn 'Umar rode to Dhat an-Nusub and shortened the prayer on the
journey.
Malik said, "There are four mail-stages between Dhat an-Nusub and Madina."
14 Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi' from Ibn 'Umar that he used to
travel to Khaybar* and would shorten the prayer.
* Ninety-six miles from Madina.
15 Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Salim ibn 'Abdullah
that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar used to shorten the prayer when he travelled for a
whole day.
16 Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi' that he used to travel one
mail-stage with Ibn 'Umar and he would not shorten the prayer.
17 Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas
used to shorten the prayer when he travelled a distance equivalent to that
between Makka and Ta'if, and that between Makka and 'Usfan, and that between
Makka and Jidda.
Malik said, "That is four mail-stages, and to me that is the most preferable
distance for shortening the prayer."
Malik said, "The one who intends to travel does not shorten the prayer until
he has left the houses of the settlement. And he does not do it in full until he
reaches the first houses of his place of destination, or is nearby."
9.4 The prayer of a traveller when undecided whether to remain in a place
or not
18 Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Salim ibn 'Abdullah
that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar used to say, "I pray the prayer of a traveller as long
as I am undecided whether to remain somewhere or not, even if I am detained for
twelve nights."
19 Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi' that Ibn 'Umar stayed in Makka
for ten nights, shortening the prayer, except when he prayed it behind an imam,
in which case he followed the imam's prayer.
9.5 Doing the full prayer when one decides to remain in a place
20 Yahya related to me from Malik from 'Ata' al-Khurasani that he heard Sa'id
ibn al-Musayyab say, "A traveller who has decided to remain somewhere for four
nights does the prayer in full."
Malik said, "That is what I prefer most out of what I have heard."
Malik when asked about the prayer of a prisoner, said, "It is the same as the
prayer of a person who remains in one place, except if he is travelling."
9.6 The Prayer of a Traveller when Imam, or Behind an Imam
21 Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Salim ibn 'Abdullah
from his father that when 'Umar ibn al-Khattab went to Makka, he used to lead
them in prayer and do two rak'ats and then say, "People of Makka, complete the
prayer. We are a group who are travelling."
22 Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi' that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar used to
pray four rak'ats behind the imam at Mina, and when he prayed by himself he
would pray two rak'ats.
23 Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab that Safwan said,
"'Abdullah ibn 'Umar used to come and visit 'Abdullah ibn Safwan and he would
pray two rak'ats with us, and when he finished we would stand and complete the
prayer."
9.7 Voluntary Prayers while Travelling, by Day and at Night, and Praying
on a Riding Beast
24 Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi' that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar never
used to pray any prayer besides the fard prayer, either before it or
after it, while travelling, except in the depths of the night. He would pray on
the ground or on his mount, whichever way it was facing.
25 Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that al-Qasim ibn
Muhammad and 'Urwa ibn az-Zubayr and Abu Bakr ibn 'Abd ar-Rahman used to pray
nawafil prayers when travelling.
26 Yahya related to me that Malik said. "I have heard from Nafi' that
'Abdullah ibn 'Umar used to see his son, 'Ubaydullah ibn 'Abdullah, doing
voluntary prayers on a journey and he would not disapprove of it."
27 Yahya related to me from Malik from 'Amr ibn Yahya al-Mazini from
Abu'l-Hubab Sa'id ibn Yasar that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar said, "I saw the Messenger
of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, praying on a donkey while
heading towards Khaybar."
[In Muslim]
28 Yahya related to me from Malik from 'Abdullah ibn Dinar
from 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, used to pray on his mount while travelling, whichever way it
was facing.
'Abdullah ibn Dinar said, "'Abdullah ibn 'Umar would also do that."
[cf Bukhari 1045]
29 Yahya related to me from Malik that Yahya ibn Sa'id said, "I saw Anas ibn
Malik on a journey praying on a donkey facing away from the qibla. He did
the rak'at and the sajda by motioning with his head without
putting his face on anything."
9.8 The Duha Prayer
30 Yahya related to me from Malik from Musa ibn Maysara from Abu Murra, the
mawla of 'Aqil ibn Abi Talib, that Umm Hani bint Abi Talib told him that
in the Year of the Conquest the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, prayed eight rak'ats, covering himself with one garment.
31 Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'n-Nadr, the
mawla of 'Umar ibn 'Ubaydullah, that Abu Murra, the mawla of 'Aqil ibn Abi
Talib, told him that he heard Umm Hani bint Abi Talib say, "I went to the
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in the Year of the
Conquest and found him doing ghusl while his daughter, Fatima, was
screening him with a garment. I said to him, 'Peace be upon you' and he asked,
'Who is that?' I replied, 'Umm Hani bint Abi Talib,' and he said, 'Welcome, Umm
Hani!' When he had finished his ghusl, he stood and prayed eight rak'ats,
covering himself with one garment, and then came away. I said, 'Messenger of
Allah, the son of my mother, 'Ali, says that he is determined to kill so-and-so,
son of Hubayra, a man I have placed under my protection.' The Messenger of
Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'We give protection to
whoever you have given protection to, Umm Hani.' "
Umm Hani related that this incident happened in the morning.
[cf Bukhari 350]
32 Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from
'Urwa ibn az-Zubayr that 'A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless him
and grant him peace, said, 'I never once saw the Messenger of Allah, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, doing the voluntary prayer of Duha, but I
myself would do it. Sometimes the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, would refrain from a practice that he loved to do, fearing that
people would do the same and it would become obligatory (fard) for them."
[cf Bukhari 1076]
33 Yahya related to me from Malik from Zayd ibn Aslam from 'A'isha that she
used to pray Duha with eight rak'as, and she would say,"I would never
stop doing them even if my parents were to be brought back to life."
9.9 General Remarks about the Voluntary Prayer of Duha
34 Yahya related to me from Malik from Ishaq ibn 'Abdullah
ibn Abi Talha from Anas ibn Malik that his grandmother, Mulayka, invited the
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, for food and he ate
some of it. Then the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, said, "Get up and I will lead you in prayer."
Anas said, "I stood up and took a woven mat belonging to us that had become
black through long use and sprinkled it with water, and the Messenger of Allah,
may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stood on it. The orphan and I formed a
row behind him, and the old woman stood behind us. He prayed two rak'ats with us
and then left."
[cf Bukhari 822]
35 Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab that 'Ubaydullah ibn
'Abdullah ibn 'Utba said, "I visited 'Umar ibn al-Khattab just before noon and
found him praying a voluntary prayer, so I stood behind him, but he pulled me
nearer and put me next to him on his right hand side, and then Yarfa came and I
moved back and we formed a row behind him."
9.10 Warning against Passing in Front of a Person Praying
36 Yahya related to me from Malik from Zayd ibn Aslam from
'Abd ar-Rahman ibn Abi Sa'id al-Khudri from his father that the Messenger of
Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Do not let anyone pass in
front of you when you are praying. Repel him as much as you can, and, if he
refuses, fight him, for he is only a shaytan."
[cf Bukhari 487]
37 Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'n-Nadr, the
mawla of 'Umar ibn 'Ubaydullah, from Busr ibn Sa'id that Zayd ibn Khalid
al-Juhani sent him to Abu Juhaym to ask him what he had heard from the Messenger
of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, about passing in front of
someone praying. Abu Juhaym said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him
and grant him peace, said, "If the person passing in front of a man praying knew
what he was incurring, he would find it preferable to wait forty rather than
pass in front of him."
Abu'n-Nadr said, "I do not know whether he said forty days or months or
years."
[cf Bukhari 488]
38 Yahya related to me from Malik from Zayd ibn Aslam from 'Ata' ibn Yasar
that Ka'b al-Ahbar said, "If the person who passed in front of a man praying
knew what he was bringing on himself, it would seem better to him to sink into
the ground than to pass in front of him."
39 Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar
used to disapprove of passing in front of women while they were praying.
40 Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi' that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar would
neither pass in front of anyone nor let anyone pass in front of him.
9.11 Permission to Pass in Front of Someone Praying
41 Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from
'Ubaydullah ibn 'Abdullah ibn 'Utba ibn Mas'ud that 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas said,
"I came riding up on a donkey while the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him
and grant him peace, was leading the people in prayer at Mina, and I was at that
time nearing puberty. I passed in front of part of the row, dismounted, sent the
donkey off to graze, and then joined the row, and no one rebuked me for doing
so."
[cf Bukhari 471]
42 Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that Sa'id ibn Abi Waqqas
used to pass in front of some of the rows while the prayer was in progress.
Malik said, "I consider that it is permissible to do that if the iqama
for the prayer has been said and the imam has said the initial takbir and
a man cannot find any way into the mosque except by going between the rows."
43 Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that 'Ali ibn Abi Talib
said, "Things that pass in front of a man praying do not break his prayer."
Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Salim ibn 'Abdullah that
'Abdullah ibn 'Umar used to say, "Things that pass in front of a man praying do
not break his prayer."
9.12 The Sutra of a Traveller Praying
44 Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar
would use the animal he was riding as a sutra when he prayed.
Yahya related to me from Malik from Hisham ibn 'Urwa that his father used to
pray in the desert without a sutra.
9.13 Brushing Away Small Stones in the Prayer
45 Yahya related to me from Malik that Abu Ja'far al-Qari said, "I saw
'Abdullah ibn 'Umar quickly brush away the small stones from the place where he
was going to put his forehead as he was going down into sajda."
46 Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Sa'id that he had heard that
Abu Dharr used to say, "Brush away the small stones with one sweep, but leaving
them is better than a red camel."
[In Abu Dawud, at-Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah]
9.14 Straightening the Rows
47 Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi' that 'Umar ibn al-Khattab used
to order the rows to be straightened, and when they had come to him and told him
that the rows were straight, then he would say the takbir.
48 Yahya related to me from Malik from his paternal uncle, Abu Suhayl ibn
Malik, that his father said, "I was with 'Uthman ibn 'Affan when the iqama
was said for the prayer and I was talking to him about being assigned a definite
allowance by him. I continued talking to him while he was levelling some small
stones with his sandals, and then some men that he had entrusted to straighten
the rows came and told him that the rows were straight. He said, to me, 'Line up
in the row,' and then he said the takbir."
9.15 Placing One Hand on the Other in the Prayer
49 Yahya related to me from Malik that 'Abd al-Karim ibn Abi'l-Mukhariq
al-Basri said, "Among things the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, said and did are: 'As long as you do not feel ashamed, do whatever you
wish', the placing of one hand on the other in prayer (one places the right hand
on the left), being quick to break the fast, and delaying the meal before dawn."
[The first half is marfu' to Abu Mas'ud 'Uqba al-Ansari. ]
50 Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu Hazim ibn Dinar
that Sahl ibn Sa'd said, "People used to be ordered to place their right hands
on their left forearms in the prayer."
Abu Hazim added, "I know for sure that Sahl traces that back to the Prophet,
may Allah bless him and grant him peace."
[cf. Bukhari 707]
9.16 Qunut in the Subh Prayer
51 Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi' that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar did not
say qunut in any of the prayers.
9.17 Prohibition against a man praying when wishing to relieve himself
52 Yahya related to me from Malik from Hisham ibn 'Urwa from his father that
'Abdullah ibn al-Arqam used to lead his companions in prayer. The time for
prayer came one day and he went to relieve himself. When he returned, he said,
"I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say,
'If you wish to defecate, you should do so before the prayer.'"
[In Abu Dawud, at-Tirmidhi and an-Nasa'i]
53 Yahya related to me from Malik from Zayd ibn Aslam that 'Umar ibn
al-Khattab said, "You should not pray while you are holding your bowels."
9.18 Waiting for the Prayer and Walking to it
54 Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'z-Zinad from
al-A'raj from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, said, "The angels ask for blessings on each one of you as long
as he is in the place where he has prayed and has not broken wudu',
saying, 'Allah, forgive him. Allah have mercy on him.'"
Malik said, "I do not consider that his words, 'has not discharged anything'
refer to anything other than the discharges that break wudu'."
[cf Bukhari 628]
55 Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'z-Zinad from al-A'raj from Abu
Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,
said, "You are in prayer as long as the prayer detains you and there is nothing
that prevents you from returning to your family except the prayer."
[cf Bukhari 628]
56 Yahya related to me from Malik from Sumayy, the mawla of Abu Bakr, that
Abu Bakr ibn 'Abd ar-Rahman used to say, "Someone who goes to the mosque in the
morning or the afternoon with no intention of going anywhere else, either to
learn good or teach it, is like someone who does jihad in the way of Allah and
returns with booty."
57 Yahya related to me from Malik from Nu'aym ibn 'Abdullah al-Mujmir that he
heard Abu Hurayra say, "If any one of you prays and then sits down in the spot
where he has prayed, the angels ask blessings on him saying, 'Allah, forgive
him. Allah, have mercy on him.' And if he moves from the spot where he has
prayed and sits elsewhere in the mosque waiting for the prayer, he remains in
prayer until he prays."
58 Yahya related to me from Malik from al-'Ala' ibn 'Abd ar-Rahman ibn Ya'qub
from his father from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless
him and grant him peace, said, "Shall I tell you the things by which Allah
erases wrong actions and by which He raises ranks: the complete and correct
performance of wudu' in adverse conditions, a great number of steps
towards the mosque, and waiting after one prayer for the next prayer. That is
the firm handhold, that is the firm handhold, that is the firm handhold."
[Muslim]
59 Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that Sa'id ibn
al-Musayyab said, "It is said that no one except a hypocrite leaves the mosque
after the call to prayer, except for someone who intends to return."
60 Yahya related to me from Malik from 'Amir ibn 'Abdullah
ibn az-Zubayr from 'Amr ibn Sulaym az-Zuraqi from Abu Qatada al-Ansari that the
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When you
enter the mosque, you should pray two rak'ats before you sit down."
[cf Bukhari 433]
61 Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'n-Nadr, the mawla of 'Umar ibn
'Ubaydullah, that Abu Salama ibn 'Abd ar-Rahman asked him, "Didn't I see your
master sit down before praying after he had entered the mosque?"
Abu'n-Nadr said, "By that he meant 'Umar ibn 'Ubaydullah, and he was finding
fault with him for sitting down before praying after he had come into the
mosque."
Yahya said that Malik said, "It is good to do that but not obligatory."
9.19 Placing the Hands Flat on the Surface by the Face in Prostration
62 Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi' that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar used to
place his palms flat on the surface where he put his forehead. Nafi' said, "I
have seen him take his hands out from under his burnous on a very cold day and
place them on the ground."
63 Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi' that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar used to
say, "When any of you puts his forehead on the ground he should put his palms on
the surface on which he puts his forehead. Then, when he rises, he should raise
them, for the hands prostrate just as the face prostrates."
9.20 Turning and Clapping when Necessary during the Prayer
64 Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu Hazim Salama ibn
Dinar from Sahl ibn Sa'id as-Sa'idi that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless
him and grant him peace, went to the tribe of Banu 'Amr ibn 'Awf to settle their
disputes. The time for the prayer came and the mu'adhdhin came to Abu Bakr
as-Siddiq and asked, "Could you lead the people in prayer and I will say the
iqama?" He said, "Yes", and Abu Bakr started to pray. The Messenger of
Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, arrived while the people were
doing the prayer and went through until he was standing in the row. People
clapped, but Abu Bakr did not turn round from his prayer. When the people
increased their clapping, he turned and saw the Messenger of Allah, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him
and grant him peace, indicated to him to stay in his place. Abu Bakr raised his
hands and praised Allah that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, had told him to do that. Then he drew back until he was in the
row, and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,
stepped forward and led the prayer. When he had finished he said, "Abu Bakr,
what stopped you from staying put like I told you?" Abu Bakr said, "It is not
for Ibn Abi Quhafa to pray in front of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless
him and grant him peace."
The Messenger of Alllah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Why
did I see you all clapping so much? If something happens while you are in the
prayer you should say 'Subhanallah' (Glory be to Allah), and when you say
Subhanallah, attention will be paid to you. Clapping is for women."
[cf. Bukhari 652]
65 Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi' that Ibn 'Umar would never turn
around when praying.
66 Yahya related to me from Malik that Abu Ja'far al-Qari said, "I was
praying, and 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar was behind me and I was not aware of it. Then I
turned round and he prodded me (in disapproval)."
9.21 Joining the prayer while the Imam is in Ruku'
67 Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab that Abu Umama ibn Sahl ibn
Hunayf said, "Zayd ibn Thabit entered the mosque and found the people in
ruku', so he went into ruku' and then moved slowly forward until he
reached the row."
68 Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud
used to move forward while in ruku'.
9.22 The prayer on the Prophet, May Allah Bless Him and Grant Him Peace
69 Yahya related to me from Malik from 'Abdullah ibn Abi Bakr ibn Hazim from
his father that 'Amr ibn Sulaym az-Zuraqi said, "Abu Humayd as-Sa'idi told me
that they asked the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,
how they were to ask for blessings upon him and he replied that they should say,
'O Allah, bless Muhammad and his wives and his descendants as You blessed the
family of Ibrahim, and grant blessing to Muhammad and his wives and his
descendants as You granted blessing to the family of Ibrahim. You are worthy of
Praise and Glorious.'"
"Allahumma salli 'ala Muhammad wa azwajihi wa dhuriyyatihi kama sallayta
'ala ali Ibrahim, wa barik 'ala Muhammad wa azwajihi wa dhukama barakta 'ala ali
Ibrahim, innaka hamidun majid."
[cf. Bukhari 3189]
70 Yahya related to me from Malik from Nu'aym ibn 'Abdullah al-Mujmir that
Muhammad ibn 'Abdullah ibn Zayd told him that Abu Mas'ud al-Ansari said, "The
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to us at the
gathering of Sa'd ibn 'Ubada. Bashir ibn Sa'd said to him, 'Allah has ordered us
to ask for blessings on you, Messenger of Allah. How should we do it?' The
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, remained silent
until we wished we had not asked him. Then he told us to say, 'O Allah, bless
Muhammad and the family of Muhammad as You blessed Ibrahim, and grant blessing
to Muhammad and the family of Muhammad as You granted blessing to the family of
Ibrahim in all the worlds .You are worthy of Praise and Glorious,' and then give
the taslim as you have learnt."
"Allahumma salli 'ala Muhammad wa ali Muhammad kama sallayta 'ala Ibrahim,
wa barik 'ala Muhammad wa ali Muhammad kama barakta 'ala ali Ibrahim fi'l
'alamin. Innaka hamidun majid."
[In Muslim]
71 Yahya related to me from Malik that 'Abdullah ibn Dinar said, "I saw
'Abdullah ibn 'Umar stop by the grave of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, and ask for blessings on the Prophet, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, and on Abu Bakr and 'Umar."
9.23 How to Do the Prayer in General
72 Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi' from Ibn 'Umar
that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to
pray two rak'as before Dhuhr and two rak'as after it, two rak'as after
Maghrib, in his house, and two rak'as after 'Isha'. He did not pray
after Jumu'a until he had left the mosque, and then he prayed two rak'as.
[cf Bukhari 895]
73 Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'z-Zinad from
al-A'raj from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, said, "Do you see the direction I am facing here? By Allah,
neither your humbleness nor your ruku' is hidden from me. I can see you
behind my back."
[cf Bukhari 408]
74 Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi' from 'Abdullah
ibn 'Umar that when the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, used to go to Quba (to pray), he would walk as well as ride.
[cf. Bukhari 1136]
75 Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Sa'id from an-Nu'man ibn
Murra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,
said, "What about drunkenness, stealing and adultery?" That was before anything
had been revealed about them. They said, "Allah and His Messenger know best." He
said, "They are excesses and in them is a punishment. And the worst of thieves
is the one who steals his prayer." They said, "How can someone steal his prayer,
Messenger of Allah?" He replied, "By not performing ruku' or sajda
properly."
[mursal]
76 Yahya related to me from Malik from Hisham ibn 'Urwa from his father that
the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Perform
some of the prayers in your houses."
[mursal]
77 Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi' that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar used to
say, "When a sick man is unable to prostrate he should motion with his head and
not raise anything to his forehead."
78 Yahya related to me from Malik from Rabi'a ibn Abi 'Abd ar-Rahman that if
'Abdullah ibn 'Umar arrived at the mosque and the people had already prayed, he
would begin with the obligatory prayer and not pray anything before it.
79 Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi' that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar passed
by a man who was praying and said, "Peace be upon you," and the man replied to
him. 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar returned to him and said, "When someone says, 'Peace be
upon you' to you while you are praying do not reply, but give a signal with your
hand."
80 Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi' that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar used to
say, "Someone who only remembers that he has forgotten a prayer when he is
praying the next prayer behind an imam should pray the prayer he has forgotten
after the imam has said the taslim and then pray the other one again."
81 Yahya related to me from Malik from Ya hya ibn Sa'id from Muhammad ibn
Yahya ibn Habban that his paternal uncle, Wasi' ibn Habban, said, "I was
praying, and 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar was resting his back against the wall of the
qibla. When I had finished the prayer I turned towards him on my left-hand
side. 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar said, 'What stopped you from turning away to your
right?' I replied, 'I saw you and turned towards you.' 'Abdullah said, 'You have
spoken correctly. People say that you should turn away to your right, but when
you pray you can turn whichever way you wish. If you like, to your right, and if
you like, to your left."
82 Yahya related to me from Malik from Hisham ibn 'Urwa from his father that
one of the Muhajirun in whom he saw no harm asked 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr ibn al-'As,
"Can I pray in a place where camels are watered?" 'Abdullah replied, "No, but
you can pray in a sheep-pen."
[In Abu Dawud]
83 Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab that Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab
asked, "In which prayer do you remain in the sitting position in every rak'at?"
Sa'id replied, "It is Maghrib when you miss one rak'at, and that is the
sunna in all the prayers."
9.24 Prayer in General
84 Yahya related to me from Malik from 'Amir ibn 'Abdullah
ibn az-Zubayr from 'Amr ibn Sulaym az-Zuraqi from Abu Qatada al-Ansari that the
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to pray
carrying Umama, the daughter of Zaynab, the daughter of the Messenger of Allah,
and Abu'l-'As ibn Rabi'a ibn 'Abd Shams. When he prostrated, he put her down .
When he stood up, he lifted her up again.
[cf Bukhari 494]
85 Yahya related to me from Abu'z-Zinad from al-A'raj from
Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, said, "There are angels which take turns in being with you in the night
and other angels in the day and they meet together at the prayers of 'Asr
and Fajr prayers. Then the ones who were with you during the night ascend
and Allah asks them - although He knows better than they do - 'How were My
slaves when you left them?' They say, 'When we left them they were praying and
when we came to them, they were praying.'"
[cf Bukhari 530]
86 Yahya related to me from Malik from Hisham ibn 'Urwa
from his father from 'A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, said, "Tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer." 'A'isha said,
"Messenger of Allah, when Abu Bakr stands in your place his voice does not reach
the ears of the people because of his weeping, so tell 'Umar to lead the people
in prayer." He said, "Tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer."
'A'isha continued, "I told Hafsa to tell him that when Abu Bakr stood in his
place his voice did not reach the ears of the people because of his weeping, and
that he should tell 'Umar to lead the people in prayer. Hafsa did so, and the
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'You are the
companions of Yusuf! (referring to the women who cut their hands when they saw
the beauty of Yusuf thereby displaying their hidden opposition). Tell Abu Bakr
to lead the people in prayer!' "
'A'isha added that Hafsa said to her, "I have never had anything good from
you!"
[cf Bukhari 647]
87 Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from 'Ata' ibn Yazid
al-Laythi that 'Ubaydullah ibn 'Adi ibn al-Khiyar said, "Once when the Messenger
of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was sitting with some people,
a man came to him and spoke secretly to him. Nobody knew what he had said until
the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, disclosed that
he had asked for permission to kill one of the hypocrites. When he disclosed
this, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said,
'Does he not testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the
Messenger of Allah?' The man replied, 'Of course, but he hasn't really done so.'
He said, 'Does he not do the prayer?' and the man replied, 'Of course, but he
doesn't really do the prayer.' He said, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,
'Those are the ones whom Allah has forbidden me (to kill).' "
[mursal]
88 Yahya related to me from Malik from Zayd ibn Aslam from 'Ata' ibn Yasar
that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "O
Allah! Do not make my grave an idol that is worshipped. The anger on those who
took the graves of their Prophets as places of prostration was terrible."
[mursal]
89 Yahya related to me from Malik from ibn Shihab from
Mahmud ibn Rabi' al-Ansari that 'Itban ibn Malik, who was a blind man, used to
lead his people in prayer, and he said to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, "Sometimes it is dark and rainy and there is a
lot of water around outside, and I am a man who has lost his sight. Messenger of
Allah, pray in a certain place in my house so that I can take it as a place to
pray." The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to
him and said, "Where would you like me to pray?" He indicated a place to him and
the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed there.
[cf Bukhari 647]
90 Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from
'Abbad ibn Tamim from his paternal uncle that he saw the Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, lying down in the mosque with one foot on
top of the other.
Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab
that 'Umar ibn al-Khattab and 'Uthman ibn 'Affan, may Allah be pleased with
them, useed to do the same.
[cf Bukhari 463]
91 Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Sa'id that 'Abdullah ibn
Mas'ud said to a certain man, "You are in a time when men of understanding (fuqaha')
are many and Qur'an reciters are few, when the hudud defined in the
Qur'an are guarded and its letters are neglected, when few people ask and many
give, when they make the prayer long and the khutba short, and put their
actions before their desires. A time will come upon people when their fuqaha'
are few but their Qur'an reciters are many, when the letters of the Qur'an
are guarded carefully but its hudud are neglected, when many ask but few
give, when they make the khutba long but the prayer short, and put their
desires before their actions."
92 Yahya related to me from Malik that Yahya ibn Sa'id said, "I have heard
that the first of the actions of a slave to be considered on the day of rising
is the prayer. If it is accepted from him the rest of his actions will be
considered, and if it is not accepted from him none of his actions will be
considered."
[In Abu Dawud, at-Tirmidhi, an-Nasa'i and Ibn Majah]
93 Yahya related to me from Malik from Hisham ibn 'Urwa from his father that
'A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said,
"The actions which the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, loved most were those which were done most constantly."
94 Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard from
'Amir ibn Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas that his father said, "There were two brothers,
one of whom died forty nights before the other. The merit of the first was being
mentioned in the presence of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, and he said, 'Was the other one not a Muslim?' They said, 'Of
course, Messenger of Allah, and there was no harm in him.' The Messenger of
Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'What will make you
realise what his prayer has brought him? The prayer is like a deep river of
sweet water running by your door into which you plunge five times a day. How
much of your dirtiness do you think that will leave? You do not realise what his
prayer has brought him.'"
[cf Bukhari 505]
95 Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that if anyone passed by
'Ata' ibn Yasar in the mosque with something to trade, he would call him and
ask, "What is the matter with you? What do you want?" If the man said that he
wished to trade with him, he would say, "You need the market of this world. This
is the market of the next world."
96 Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that 'Umar ibn al-Khattab
set aside an area near the mosque called al-Butayha and said, "Whoever wishes to
talk nonsense or recite poetry or raise his voice should go to this area."
9.25 Stimulation of the Desire for Prayer in General
97 Yahya related to me from Malik from his paternal uncle Abu Suhayl ibn
Malik that his father heard Talha ibn 'Ubaydullah say, "Once one of the people
of Najd came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.
He had dishevelled hair and although his voice could be heard we could not make
out what he was saying until he drew nearer and then we found he was asking
about Islam. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,
said to him, 'There are five prayers during the day and the night.' He said, 'Do
I have to do anything else besides that?' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, added, 'And fasting the month of Ramadan.' He
said, 'Is there anything else I have to do?' He said, 'No, except what you do of
your own accord.' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, mentioned zakat. The man said, 'Is there anything else that I have
to do?' He said, 'No, except what you do of your own accord.'
He continued, "The man went away saying, 'By Allah, I won't do any more than
this, nor will I do any less.' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, said, 'That man will be successful if he is telling the
truth.'"
[cf Bukhari 46]
98 Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'z-Zinad from al-A'raj
from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, said, "Shaytan ties three knots at the back of your head when you sleep,
and he seals the place of each knot with 'You have a long night ahead, so
sleep.' If you wake up and remember Allah, a knot is untied. If you do wudu',
a knot is untied. If you pray, a knot is untied, and morning finds you lively
and in good spirits, and if not, morning finds you in bad spirits and lazy."
[cf Bukhari 1091]
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