Suckling of the Young
1 Yahya related to me from Malik from 'Abdullah ibn Abi Bakr
from 'Amra' bint 'Abd ar-Rahman that 'A'isha, Umm al-Muminin, informed her that
the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was with her
and she heard the voice of a man asking permission to enter the room of Hafsa. 'A'isha
said that she had said, "Messenger of Allah! There is a man asking permission to
enter your house!" The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, said, "I think it is so-and-so" (referring to a paternal uncle of Hafsa
by suckling). 'A'isha said, "Messenger of Allah" If so-and-so were alive
(referring to her paternal uncle by suckling), could he enter where I am?" The
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Yes,
suckling makes haram as birth makes haram."
[cf Bukhari 2503]
2 Yahya related to me from Malik from Hisham ibn 'Urwa from his father that 'A'isha,
Umm al-Muminin, said "My paternal uncle by suckling came to me and I refused to
give him permission to enter until I had asked the Messenger of Allah, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, about it. He said, 'He is your paternal uncle, so
give him permission.' I said, 'Messenger of Allah, the woman nursed me, not the
man!' He said, 'He is your paternal uncle, so let him enter.' "
'A'isha said, "That was after we had been commanded to adopt the veil."
'A'isha added, "What is haram by birth is also made haram by
suckling."
[Bukhari and Muslim]
3 Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Urwa ibn az-Zubayr that
'A'isha, Umm al-Muminin, told him that Aflah, the brother of Abu'l-Qu'ays, came
and asked permission to visit her after the veil had been lowered, and he was
her paternal uncle by suckling. She said, "I refused to give him permission to
enter. When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,
came, I told him about what I had done, and he told me to give him permission to
enter."
[Bukhari and Muslim]
4 Yahya related to me from Malik from Thawr ibn Zayd ad-Dili that 'Abdullah
ibn 'Abbas said, "The milk which a child under two years old sucks, even if it
is only one suck, makes the foster-relatives haram."
5 Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from 'Amr ibn ash-Sharid
that 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas was asked whether, if a man had two wives, and one of
them had nursed a slave-boy, and the other had nursed a slave-girl, the
slave-boy could marry the slave-girl. He said, "No, the husband is the same."
[In at-Tirmidhi]
6 Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi' that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar said,
"There is no kinship by suckling except for a person who is nursed when he is
small. There is no kinship by suckling for an older person over the age of two
years."
7 Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi' that Salim ibn 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar
informed him that 'A'isha, Umm al-Muminin, sent him away while he was being
nursed to her sister, Umm Kulthum bint Abi Bakr as-Siddiq, and said, "Suckle him
ten times so that he can come in to see me."
Salim said, "Umm Kulthum nursed me three times and then fell ill, so that she
only nursed me three times. I could not go in to see 'A'isha because Umm Kulthum
did not finish the ten times for me."
8 Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi' that Safiyya bint Abi 'Ubayd told
him that Hafsa, Umm al-Muminin, sent 'Asim ibn 'Abdullah ibn Sa'd to her sister,
Fatima bint 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, for her to suckle him ten times so that he
could come in to see her. She did it, so he used to come in to see her.
9 Yahya related to me from Malik from 'Abd ar-Rahman ibn al-Qasim that his
father told him that 'A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, admitted those whom her sisters and the daughters of her
brother had nursed, and she did not admit those who had been nursed by the wives
of her brothers.
10 Yahya related to me from Malik that Ibrahim ibn 'Uqba asked Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab
about suckling. Sa'id said, "Anything that takes place in the first two years,
even if it is only a drop, makes haram. Whatever is after two years, is
only food that is eaten."
Ibrahim ibn 'Uqba said, "Then I asked 'Urwa ibn az-Zubayr and he told me the
same as what Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab said."
11 Yahya related to me from Malik that Yahya ibn Sa'id said that he heard
Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab say, "Suckling is only while the child is in the cradle.
If not, it does not cause flesh and blood relations."
Yahya related to me from Malik that Ibn Shihab said, "Suckling, however
little or much, makes haram, Kinship by suckling makes men mahram."
Yahya said that he heard Malik say, "Suckling, however little or much, when
it is in the first two years makes haram. As for what is after the first
two years, little or much, it does not make anything haram. It is like
food."
30.2 Suckling of Older Peoplee
12 Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab that he was asked about the
suckling of an older person. He said, "'Urwa ibn az-Zubayr informed me that Abu
Hudhayfa ibn 'Utba ibn Rabi'a, one of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah,
may Allah bless him and grant him peace, who was present at Badr, adopted Salim
(who is called Salim, the mawla of Abu Hudhayfa) as the Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, adopted Zayd ibn Haritha. He thought of him
as his son, and Abu Hudhayfa married him to his brother's sister, Fatima bint
al-Walid ibn 'Utba ibn Rabi'a, who was at that time among the first emigrants.
She was one of the best unmarried women of the Quraysh. When Allah the Exalted
sent down in His Book what He sent down about Zayd ibn Haritha, 'Call them
after their fathers.That is juster in Allah's sight. And if you do not know who
their fathers were then they are your brothers in the deen and people under your
patronage' (33:5), people in this position were traced back to their
fathers. When the father was not known, they were traced to their mawla.
"Sahla bint Suhayl, who was the wife of Abu Hudhayfa, and one of the tribe of
'Amr ibn Lu'ayy, came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, and said, 'Messenger of Allah! We think of Salim as a son and he
comes in to see me when I am uncovered. We only have one room, so what do you
think about the situation?' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, said, 'Give him five drinks of your milk and he will become a
mahram by that.' She then saw him as a foster-son. 'A'isha, Umm al-Muminin,
took that as a precedent for whatever men she wanted to be able to come to see
her. She ordered her sister, Umm Kulthum bint Abi Bakr as-Siddiq and the
daughters of her brother to give milk to whichever men she wanted to be able to
come in to see her. The rest of the wives of the Prophet, may Allah bless him
and grant him peace, refused to let anyone come in to them by such nursing. They
said, 'No, by Allah! We think that what the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless
him and grant him peace, ordered Sahla bint Suhayl to do was only by an
indulgence concerning the nursing of Salim alone. No, by Allah! No one will come
in upon us by such nursing!'
"This is what the wives of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, thought about the suckling of an older person."
[In Muslim]
13 Yahya related to me from Malik that 'Abdullah ibn Dinar said, "A man came
to 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar when I was with him at the place where judgements were
given and asked him about the suckling of an older person. 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar
replied, 'A man came to 'Umar ibn al-Khattab and said, 'I have a slave-girl and
I used to have intercourse with her. My wife went to her and suckled her. When I
went to the girl, my wife told me to watch out because she had suckled her!' 'Umar
told him to beat his wife and to go to his slave-girl because kinship by
suckling was only by the suckling of the young."
14 Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Sa'id that a man said to Abu
Musa al-Ash'ari, "I drank some milk from my wife's breasts and it went into my
stomach." Abu Musa said, "I can only but think that she is haram for
you." 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud said, "Look at what opinion you are giving the man."
Abu Musa said, "Then what do you say?." 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud said, "There is
only kinship by suckling in the first two years."
Abu Musa said, "Do not ask me about anything while this learned man is among
you."
30.3 Suckling in General
15 Yahya related to me from Malik from 'Abdullah ibn Dinar from Sulayman ibn
Yasar and from 'Urwa ibn az-Zubayr from 'A'isha, Umm al-Muminin, that the
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "What is
haram by birth is haram by suckling."
[In at-Tirmidhi]
16 Yahya related to me from Malik that Muhammad ibn 'Abd ar-Rahman ibn Nawfal
said, "'Urwa ibn az-Zubayr informed me from 'A'isha, Umm al-Muminin, that Judama
bint Wahb al-Asadiya informed her that she heard the Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, 'I intended to prohibit ghila
but I remembered that the Greeks and Persians do that without it causing any
injury to their children.' "
Malik explained, "Ghila is that a man has intercourse with his wife
while she is suckling."
[In Muslim]
17 Yahya related to me from Malik from 'Abdullah ibn Abi Bakr ibn Hazm from 'Amra
bint 'Abd ar-Rahman that 'A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless him
and grant him peace, said, "Amongst what was sent down of the Qur'an was 'ten
known sucklings make haram' - then it was abrogated by 'five known
sucklings'. When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, died, it was what is now recited of the Qur'an."
Yahya said that Malik said, "One does not act on this."
[In Muslim]
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